%
%  CAP Congress 2001 - Status of Run II
%
\documentstyle[epsfig,colordvi,caprunii]{slides}

\input latex.macros
\input top.macros
\def\DZero{D$\mbox{0\kern-.55em /}$}
\def\mDZero{{\rm D}\mbox{0\kern-.55em /}}
\def\mGeVcc{{\rm GeV\, c^2}}
\def\bbbar{$b\bar{b}$}
\def\mbbbar{b\bar{b}}
\def\hsm{H_{SM}}
\def\invcms{${\rm{ cm^{-2} s^{-1}}}$}
\def\reference#1{{\flushright{\hfill \tiny #1}}}
\def\tablespace{\rule{0cm}{.3cm}}
%

\newcommand{\tit}[1] {
        \begin{center}
        \normalsize
        \fbox{\Red{#1}} \vspace{.25in}
        \small
        \end{center}
}


\def\met{\mathbin{E\mkern - 11mu/_T}}

\begin{document}

\small

\tit{The High Energy Frontier}
\tit{CDF II at the Tevatron Collider}

\Start
\vspace{0.5in}
\begin{center}
Pekka Sinervo\\
{\it University of Toronto}
\end{center}

\vspace{0.5in}

\Red{Overview}

\tiny
\begin{itemize}
\item Introduction 
\item Tevatron and CDF upgrades
\item Top Quark Physics
\item B Physics Goals
\item Higgs Search
\item Summary
\end{itemize}

\tiny

\pagebreak
%
%  Intro to SM 
%
\tit{The Standard Model}

\small
The ingredients of the SM are
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item 12 fermions
	\begin{itemize}
		\item 6 quarks (u, d, s, c, b, t)
		\item 6 leptons	($e^-$, $\nu_e$, $\mu$, $\nu_\mu$,
			$\tau$, $\nu_\tau$)
	\end{itemize}
	\item 3 electroweak bosons ($\W^+$, $W^-$, $Z^\circ$,
			$\gamma$)
	\item 8 gluons to describe the strong force
	\item ?? to describe gravity
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Enormously successful paradigm since $\sim1975$
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Predicted rich phenomenology
	\item Accurate! (eg. $\delta_{M_z}/M_z \sim 8\times 10^{-5}$)
	\item Successfully predicted existence of charm and top quark 
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Higgs boson the only ``essential'' missing element
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Represents a significant ``vacuum'' of knowledge
	\item Its discovery has the highest scientific urgency
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{The Physics of Hadron-Hadron Collisions}

\small
High energy hadron-hadron collisions
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Produce the highest-energy interactions
	\item Allow us to study $q\bar{q}^\prime$, $gg$\ and $qg$\
collisions
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Have yielded some of the greatest insights
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Discovery of the $W$\ and $Z$\ bosons (UA1 \& UA2)
	\item Discovery of the top quark (CDF \& \DZero)
	\item Some of the most precise $B$\ physics measurements
	\item Precision electroweak measurements, eg. $M_W$\ and
$\Gamma_W$
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
However, experiments are hard to perform
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Interaction cross section is large -- $\sim 50$~mb
	\item ``Interesting'' physics cross sections are small
	\Blue{
	\begin{itemize}
		\item $\sigma_b \sim 30\ \mu{\rm b}$
		\item $\sigma_W \sim 20\ {\rm nb}$
		\item $\sigma_t \sim 5\ {\rm pb}$
	\end{itemize}
	}
	\item Events are complex
\end{itemize}
 

\pagebreak
\tit{History of the CDF Experiment}
%
\small
CDF was initially approved in 1979!
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item ``Small'' effort involving 16 institutions
	\item Had ``engineering run'' in October 1985
\end{itemize}

\small
Followed by three successive runs
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item[-I.] Collected \Blue{30~${\rm nb}^{-1}$}\ in 1987
	\item[0.] Collected \Blue{4~\invpb}\ in 1988-89
	\item[I.] Collected \Blue{100~\invpb}\ in 1992-95 (Run IA/IB)
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Made most precise $M_W$\ measurements
		\item Discovered the top quark
		\item Made first precise $B$\ physics measurements
		\item Searched for host of new phenomena
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Now starting Run II
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Initial goal is to collect 2~\invfb
	\item Have significantly upgraded CDF $\Rightarrow$\ CDF II
	\item Ultimate goal is to collect $10-15$~\invfb
\end{itemize}


\pagebreak
\tit{Tevatron Upgrades for Run II}
%
\small
Tevatron has been significantly improved for Run II 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Main Injector replaces Tevatron for injection
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Better $\bar{p}$\ transfer efficiency
		\item Emittance better-matched at injection
	\end{itemize}
	\item Antiproton Recycler -- effective doubling in $\bar{p}$\
production rate
	\item Increase in $\sqrt{s}$\ from 1.8 to 2.0 TeV
	\begin{itemize}
		\item[$\Rightarrow$] 30-40\% increase in production
$\sigma$
	\end{itemize}
	\item Go from $6\times 6 \rightarrow 36\times 36$\ operation
	\begin{itemize}	
		\item Reduces interactions per crossing
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Performance goals for collider are
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Increase typical $L_{max}$\ from $1.6\times 10^{31}$\
	to $2\times 10^{32}$~\invcms
	\item Deliver $\sim2$~\invfb\ by 2002 (Run IIa)
	\item If successful in increasing $\bar{p}$\ availability
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Go to $108\times 108$\ operation
		\item Increase $L_{max}$\ to $5\times 10^{32}$~\invcms
		\item Deliver $\sim15$\ \invfb\ by end of 2007 (Run IIb)
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{CDF II Detector Upgrades}
%
\small
CDF has undergone major upgrades for Run II
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Tile-scintillating fibre calorimeters in $1.0<|\eta|<3.6$
	\item Central outer tracker (COT)
	\item SVX II and ISL silicon tracking systems
	\item Fully pipelined electronics and new L1/L2/L3 triggers
	\item Upgraded muon systems in $0.8\le|\eta|\le1.2$
	\item C++ offline reconstruction and new processing farm
\end{itemize}

\centerline{\parbox{5.2in}{\epsfxsize=12cm\epsffile{figures/cdfiso_transp.eps}}}

\pagebreak
\tit{Canadian Contributions to CDF II}

\small
SVX II Mounting and Alignment
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Have provided SVX II barrel ``adjustable'' mounts
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Assemble 3 barrels aligned to $\sim 100\ \mu{\rm R}$
	\end{itemize}
	\item ``Inchworm'' motors to locate SVX/ISL tracker parallel
to beamline
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Use 5 pizeo-actuated motors making
$\sim10$~$\mu$\ steps
		\item Keep 120 kg tracker parallel to beam
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Calorimetry Software Management and Development
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item P.~Savard manages ALL calorimetry software development
	\item Responsible for 
	\begin{itemize}
		\item All calorimetry reconstruction
		\item Jet algorithm development/maintenance
		\item Missing $E_T$\ algorithms
		\item GFLASH calorimeter simulation
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{CDF II Physics Goals}
\small
Have a broad physics agenda
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Electroweak physics measurements, eg.
	\begin{itemize}
		\item $M_W$\ to a precision of 20 \MeVcc
		\item $WW$\ and $WZ$\ production
	\end{itemize}
	\item QCD Physics
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Extend studies of $qq$\ interactions up to 
	$\sqrt{\hat{s}}\sim 1\ {\rm TeV}$
	\end{itemize}
	\item Exotics Searches
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Extend SUSY searches to $\sim 300$\ \GeVcc
		\item New vector bosons up to masses $>900$\ \GeVcc
	\end{itemize}
	\item Heavy Quark Physics
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Precision top quark measurements
		\item Competitive $B$\ physics measurements
	\end{itemize}
	\item Higgs Search
\end{itemize}

\small
IPP focus is on top and bottom studies
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Some speculative Higgs studies
\end{itemize}
\pagebreak 

\pagebreak
\tit{The State of Truth}

\small
CDF has now detected top in virtually all decay modes
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Lepton + Jets mode (for mass analysis)
	\begin{itemize}
		\item lepton $P_T>20$~\GeVc\ and $\mMEt>20$~GeV
		\item $\ge3$\ jets, $E_T>15$~GeV and $|\eta|<2$
		\item Require 1 $b$-tagged jet OR a 4th jet
		with $E_T>15$
		\item[\Blue{$\Rightarrow$}] \Blue{76 candidates}\
		(expect $31\pm7$\ bkg) \\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
%
	\item Dileptons
	\begin{itemize}
		\item 2 leptons with $P_T>20$~\GeVc
		\item Remove Drell-Yan and $Z^\circ$\ background
		\item[\Blue{$\Rightarrow$}] \Blue{9 candidates} 
		($2.4\pm0.5$\ events bkg) 
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}

	\item All hadronic decays
	\begin{itemize}
		\item between 5 and 8 jets ($E_T > 15$~GeV and
		$|\eta|<2.0$)
		\item $\sum E_T > 300$\ GeV + additional kinematic
cuts
		\item[\Blue{$\Rightarrow$}] \Blue{Observe 187 $b$-tagged jets}
		($142\pm11$\ expected bkg)
	\end{itemize}

\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
%
%  What are the Interesting properties
%
\tit{What are the Interesting Top Properties?}

\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Top Quark Mass
	\begin{itemize}
		\item SM constrains it to $M_W/M_Z$ 
		\item Important consistency check of theory
			\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
	\item Top Quark Production Cross Section
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Predicted by QCD with less uncertainties than 
		$\sigma_b$
		\item Look for single top production 
			\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
	\item Top Quark Decay Rates
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Measured $t\rightarrow W^+ b/
			t\rightarrow W^+ q$
		\item Look for $t\rightarrow H^+ b$
			\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
	\item Top Quark Decay Kinematics
	\begin{itemize}
		\item SM expects decay to be polarized
		\item Have made first measurement of polarization
			\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
	\item Single Top Production 
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak

%
%  Top Mass result
%
\tit{Top Quark Mass}

\small
Measurements now limited by statistical uncertainties
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Overall systematic uncertainty is $\sim 5$~\GeVcc
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Dominated by uncertainties in soft gluon 
		contributions and energy scale
	\end{itemize}
	\item Run I statistics limit systematic uncertainty 
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\begin{center}
\epsfysize=3.6in
\epsffile[30 140 520 630]{figures/top_mass/ljm_likfit1.ps}
\end{center}

\small
The final Run I values are 
\tiny
\begin{eqnarray}
	M_{top} &=& 176.1 \pm 6.6 \ \mGeVcc\ {\rm (CDF)} \nonumber \\
	M_{top} &=& 172.1 \pm 7.1 \ \mGeVcc\ {\rm (\mDZero)} \nonumber \\
	M_{top} &=& 174.3 \pm 5.1 \ \mGeVcc\ {\rm (Run I)} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

\pagebreak

\small
Latest $W$\ boson mass results
\tiny
\begin{eqnarray}
	M_W &=& 80.433\pm0.079\ \mGeVcc\ \ \ {\rm CDF} \nonumber \\
	M_W &=& 80.482\pm0.091\ \mGeVcc\ \ \  {\rm D0} \nonumber \\
	M_W &=& 80.427\pm0.046\ \mGeVcc\ \ \  {\rm LEP2} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

\vspace{.1in}
\begin{center}
\epsfysize=5.5in
\epsffile[30 140 520 630]{figures/top_mass/mwmt_cdf_d0_lep2.ps}
\end{center}

\pagebreak

%
%  Top Cross Section
%
\tit{Top Quark Production Cross Section}

\small
The cross section obtained by a fit to 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Lepton + jets, dileptons and all hadronic event rates
	\item Depends on $M_{top}$\ because of acceptance
	\item Recent improvement is more accurate $b$-tagging
efficiency
\end{itemize}

\small
\begin{eqnarray}
\sigma_{\mttbar} &=& 6.5^{+1.7}_{-1.4}\ {\rm pb} \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}

\begin{center}
\epsfysize=3.5in
\epsffile[30 140 520 630]{figures/top_sigma/top_xs_cdf_d0.eps}
\end{center}

\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Theory predictions range from 4.7 to 5.5 pb
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Top Physics Goals in Run II}

\small
Mass analysis uncertainties scale with statistics
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Can expect $\delta M_t\sim 3.0$\~\GeVcc
	\item With $\delta M_W \sim 40$~\MeVcc
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Begins to hint at the Higgs boson mass 
		\item Less than $\sim 210$\ \GeVcc?
	\end{itemize}
\begin{eqnarray}
{{\delta M_{Higgs}}\over{M_{Higgs}}} \sim 40\%
\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
	\item Powerful ``pointer'' for Higgs searches
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Measure angular correlations and decay kinematics
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Tell us about the electroweak force
	\item Polarization of $W^+$\ will be measurable
	\item Spin correlations (expect 90\%) also detectable
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Single top production 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Measures the ``width'' of the top quark
	\item Measure $\sigma_t$\ with 10\%\ uncertainty
	\item Measure $V_{tb}$\ with 12\%\ uncertainty
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Expected Run IIa Result}

\begin{center}
\epsfysize=6.5in
\epsffile[30 140 520 630]{figures/top_mass/mwmt_cdfrun2.ps}
\end{center}
\pagebreak

\tit{Bottom Physics in Run II}

\small
Hadron-hadron collisions provide huge source of $b$~quarks
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Will produce about 60 billion in Run IIA
	\item Challenge is to separate from enormous backgrounds
\end{itemize}

\small
Run I has shown how this can be done
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Use ``unique'' signatures
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Inclusive semileptonic decays to electrons or muons
		\item Exclusive hadronic decays to $J/\psi$\ final states
		\begin{itemize}
			\item $B\rightarrow J/\psi K/K^\ast$
			\item $B_s \rightarrow J/\psi \phi$
		\end{itemize}
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
First to collect large sample of $B^0\rightarrow J/\psi K^0_s$\ decays
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Observed approximately 400 decays
	\begin{eqnarray}
	\sin(2\beta) &=& 0.79^{+0.41}_{-0.44} \nonumber
	\end{eqnarray}
\end{itemize}
\begin{center}
\centerline{\psfig{file=fig3a.eps,width=5cm}
\hskip1pc \psfig{file=fig3b.eps,width=5cm}
}
\end{center}

\pagebreak

\centerline{\psfig{file=unitarity.eps,width=20cm}}

\pagebreak
\tit{CP Studies at Run II}
\small
Expect to make significant contributions to
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item B lifetime measurements
	\item Spectroscopy of $b\bar{q}$\ systems
	\item CP violation is of most interest
\end{itemize}
\small
Have developed $B$\ tagging techniques in Run I
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Jet charge tagging
	\item Soft lepton tagging
	\item Same-side tagging using ``bachelor'' $\pi$'s
	\item Run I ``effective'' tagging efficiency is
\begin{eqnarray}
\epsilon D^2 &=& 0.063\pm 0.017 \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
	\item This will increase in Run II
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Larger SVX II acceptance
		\item Lower lepton momentum thresholds
		\item $\epsilon D^2 \sim 0.091$
	\end{itemize}
	\item Results in $\delta(\sin(2\beta)) \sim 0.072$
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak

\tit{CP Violation and Mixing in $B_s$\ System}

\small
CDF II \&\ \DZero\ have access to $B_s^0$\ system
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Measure CP violation in $B^0_s \rightarrow K^+K^-$\
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Expect $\epsilon D^2 \sim 0.11$\
		\item Will detect about 10,000 decays
		\item Gives a meaningful measurement of $\gamma$
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Can perform detailed measurements of $B^0_s$
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Lifetime of $B^0_s \rightarrow J/\psi \phi$\ and
	$B^0_s \rightarrow D_s^- l^+ \nu_l X$
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Measures different CP states
		\item Yields 0.052 uncertainty on $\Delta \Gamma_s/\Gamma_s$\
		\item SM expectation is $\sim 0.15$.
	\end{itemize}
	\item Measure mixing in $B^0_s \rightarrow D_s^- \pi^+$
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Expect to make $5\sigma$\ measurement of $x_s$\
out to 50-60.
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Run II has comprehensive B physics programme
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Complementary to B Factory programme
	\item Has opportunity to compete....
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak

\tit{Overview of Higgs Phenomenology}
%
\small
Higgs allows ``spontaneous symmetry breaking'' in SM
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Sets the EWK mass scale
	\item Yukawa interactions with fermions generates mass
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\begin{center}
\centerline{\psfig{file=shw/theory/hunt10a.ps,width=3cm,angle=90}
\hskip1pc \psfig{file=shw/theory/hunt10b.ps,width=3cm,angle=90}
\hskip1pc
\psfig{file=shw/theory/hunt10c.ps,width=3cm,angle=90}}
\vskip1pc
\end{center}

\small
It couples to quarks, leptons and EWK gauge bosons
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Production rate set by mass \&\ couplings
to ``beam'' 
	\item Decays are mediated by same couplings
	\item In \ppbar\ collisions, produced
	\begin{itemize}
		\item via $q\bar{q}$\ annihilations through
		\begin{itemize}
			\item virtual $W/Z$\ for light quark initial states
			\item directly via $b\bar{b}$\ initial states
		\end{itemize}
		\item indirectly in $gg$\ interactions
		through $gg\rightarrow \mttbar \rightarrow H$
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Features of a Light SM Higgs}
%
\small
Higgs couplings to fermions \&\ EWK bosons specify BR
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item In region $M_H<130$\ \GeVcc, $H\rightarrow \mbbbar$\ dominates
	\item For $M_H>130$\ \GeVcc, $H\rightarrow W W^*$\ takes over
	\item Cross over is $\sim 135$\ \GeVcc
	\item Other decay modes important, but are not relevant to a
Tevatron search
\\[0.10in]
\end{itemize}
\vskip1pc

\centerline{\psfig{file=shw/theory/brsm_new.eps,width=10cm}}

\reference{Dicus, Steltzer, Sullivan \&\ Willenbrock, PRD D59 (1999)
\\  \hfill Spira, private comm.}

\small

\pagebreak
\tit{Higgs Production Cross Section}

\small
Cross section at Tevatron energies miniscule
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Arises from small couplings to light fermions
	\item Makes ``associated'' production quite important
\end{itemize}

\centerline{\psfig{file=shw/theory/cxnsmnew.ps,width=9cm,angle=-90}}

\small
Some relevant points of reference:
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Total cross section $\sim 7\times 10^{10}$\ pb
	\item Smallest measured total cross section $\sim 5$\ pb 
	\item Lowest upper limits $\sim 0.1-0.2$~pb ($W^\prime$)
\end{itemize}


\pagebreak
\tit{Higgs Detection during Run II}
%
\small
SM Higgs production is in principle detectable
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Search of Run I data is clear demonstration 
	\begin{itemize}
		\item see G.~Watts' parallel talk
	\end{itemize}
	\item For case of $M_H=120$~\GeVcc, cross section 
	\begin{itemize}
		\item for $gg\rightarrow \hsm$\ is $\sim 0.9$~pb
		\item for $q\bar{q}'\rightarrow W\,\hsm$\ is $\sim 0.2$~pb
		\item for $q\bar{q}\rightarrow Z\,\hsm$\ is $\sim 0.1$~pb
	\end{itemize}
	\item Issues for detection are:
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Reconstruction technique and signal efficiency
		\item Background rejection
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Run II SUSY/Higgs Workshop has focussed activity
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Summarizes multiple studies done on 
	\begin{itemize}
		\item SM Higgs production
		\item MSSM Higgs scenarios
	\end{itemize}
	\item Results provided in terms of $\int L dt$
	\item Report from workshop now available (hep-ph/0010338)
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{B Tagging Issues}
%
\small
``B Tagging'' an amalgam of various techniques
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Secondary vertex tagging primary technique (SECVTX)
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Identify tracks with large impact parameter 
		\item Search for 2 or 3-track combinations with large $L_{xy}$
	\end{itemize}
% \begin{center}
\parbox{2.0in}{\epsfxsize=5in\epsffile{shw/btag/perigee-sec2.eps}}
% \end{center}
	\item Probability of tracks coming from primary vertex (JPB tag)
	\item Identify soft leptons in core of b-jet (SLT)
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Higgs Mass Resolution}
%
\small
Higgs mass resolution relies on jet reconstruction
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item ``Standard'' CDF jet algorithm 
	\begin{itemize}
		\item gives $M_H$\  resolution $\sim 16$\
\GeVcc\ at $M_H=110$\ \GeVcc
	\end{itemize}
	\item Track \&\ shower-max data provides $\sim 20-30$\%\ improvement
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Measured using photon-jet balancing
\\[0.01in]

	\end{itemize}
  \begin{center}\hbox{
  \parbox{3.25in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{shw/bbmass/jetscale.eps}}
  \parbox{3.25in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{shw/bbmass/escale.eps}}}
  \end{center}
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Assumed Improvement in Mass Resolution}
\small
Provides $10-20$\%\ improvement in $H\rightarrow\mbbbar$\
mass 
\begin{center}
\parbox{3.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{shw/bbmass/zbb_corr_pyt_mass_evol.eps}}
\parbox{3.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{shw/bbmass/zbb_corr_her_h_evol.eps}}
\end{center}

\small
This still requires work
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Topology dependence needs to be understood
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Overlap with other objects in event
		\item Combinatorial confusion
	\end{itemize}
	\item Take into account other calorimetry effects
	\item Overall, promising development for Run II
\end{itemize}
\pagebreak
\tit{Detection Strategy for Light SM Higgs}
%
\small
The most promising channels for a light SM Higgs are
\tiny
\begin{eqnarray}
	\mppbar &\rightarrow& W^+\, H \rightarrow l^+ \nu_l \ \mbbbar 
\nonumber \\
	\mppbar &\rightarrow& Z^0\, H \rightarrow l^+ l^- \ \mbbbar 
\nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{itemize}
	\item Identify $e^+$\ or $\mu^+$\ with $p_T > 20$\ \GeVc
	\item Require \MEt$>20$\ GeV and reject dilepton events
	\item Only two jets with $E_T>25$\ GeV and $>10$\ GeV with
$|\eta|<2$
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Both b-tagged (one tight and one loose)
		\item Impose $M_{bb}$\ mass window $\sim \pm15$\%
		\item No extra jets with $E_T>20$\ GeV and $|\eta|<2.4$
\\[0.05in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\small
Results in $\epsilon\times{\cal B}(H\rightarrow \mbbbar) \sim2$\%\ 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Expected 8 fb observed for $M_H=90$\ \GeVcc
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Falls to 2 fb for $M_H=130$\ \GeVcc
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}


\pagebreak
\tit{Background Rates for $WH$}
%
\small
All of the above come down to control of backgrounds
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Non-physical backgrounds estimated to be small 
	\item Largest physical backgrounds are
	\begin{itemize}
		\item QCD production of $W\, \mbbbar$
		\item Production of \ttbar\ where two jets are missed
		\item Di-vector boson production
		\item Single top production ($tb$\ and $tqb$)
	\end{itemize}
	\item  Use HERWIG and PYTHIA, checked against Run I data
\end{itemize}

\begin{center}
Observed Cross Section (fb) 
\vskip1pc

\begin{tabular}{lccc}
Process     &   $M_H=90$    &  $M_H=110$   &  $M_H=130$  \\
\hline 
\tablespace
Signal      &     8.4       &     5.0      &     2.2     \\
$W\mbbbar$  &    21.5       &    18.9      &    15.4     \\
\ttbar      &     9.6       &    12.2      &    13.0     \\
$VV$        &     7.7       &     4.9      &     0.6     \\
$tb$\ and $tqb$ & 9.4       &    11.8      &    12.7     \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\pagebreak
\tit{Results for $ZH$\ Channel}
%
%  Note difference in efficiency
%	ll bbbar channel rather clean
%	nu nu bbbar channel difficult
\small
$ZH \rightarrow l^+l^-\, \mbbbar$\ is straightforward
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Suffer about $\times 5$\ hit due to BR and
lepton ID efficiency
	\item Expect about 1/6 of $WH$\ observed rate
	\item Background rates are also approximately 1/6-1/7
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
$ZH \rightarrow \nu_l\bar{\nu}_l\, \mbbbar$\ presents challenge
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Only have \MEt\ signature from $Z\rightarrow \nu\bar{\nu}$
	\item Have two b-tagged jets reconstructing to $H$
	\item Creates a very ``modest'' signature
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Issues with triggering
		\item Issues with beating down the backgrounds
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Backgrounds to $\nu\bar{\nu}\, \mbbbar$\ Final State}
%
\small
Physical backgrounds reasonably well understood 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item QCD production of $Z\mbbbar$
	\item QCD production of $W\mbbbar$\ (miss charged lepton)
	\item $WZ$\ and $ZZ$
	\item \ttbar\ and single top
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}
\tiny
\begin{center}
Observed cross section (fb) \\
\vskip0.1in

\begin{tabular}{lccc}
Process     &   $M_H=90$    &  $M_H=110$   &  $M_H=130$  \\
\hline 
\tablespace
Signal      &     3.6       &     2.7      &     0.9     \\
$Z\mbbbar$  &     6.5       &     4.9      &     3.8     \\
$ZZ$        &     5.4       &     3.4      &     0.0     \\
\ttbar      &     1.6       &     2.2      &     2.2     \\
\hline \\[0.01in]
$q\bar{q} \rightarrow \mbbbar$
            &     $\sim7$   &     $\sim6$  &  $\sim 3$   \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\vskip.1in
\small
QCD $\mbbbar$\ background difficult to estimate
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Depends crucially on \MEt\  measurement
	\item Raw production cross section not well understood
	\item[$\Rightarrow$] Have to measure with data
\end{itemize}

\pagebreak
\tit{Higher Mass Higgs Searches}
%
\small
Heavier Higgs ($M_H\gessim 130$\ \GeVcc) rates lower
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item $H \rightarrow WW^*$\ becomes dominant decay mode
	\item Production via $gg\rightarrow HX$\ and $q\bar{q}'
\rightarrow WH$\ are important
	\item Realistically, will require in excess of 15 \invfb
\end{itemize}

\begin{center}
\parbox{5.5in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{shw/highmass/sigxbr.eps}}
\end{center}

\small
This presents a number of decay channels
\tiny
\begin{eqnarray}
\mppbar &\rightarrow& H \rightarrow W^*W^* \rightarrow l\bar{l}\nu_l
\bar{\nu}_l 
\nonumber \\
\mppbar &\rightarrow& W^+H \rightarrow W^+W^*W^* \rightarrow l^+l^+
q\bar{q}' X
\nonumber 
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{itemize}
	\item These two represent the highest rate topologies
	\item Same-sign dileptons very clean
\end{itemize}


\pagebreak
\tit{Signal and Background Estimates}
%
\small
Signal requirements for $H\rightarrow l\bar{l}'\nu_l \bar{\nu}_l$\ are:
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Isolated leptons with $p_T>10$\ \GeVc\ and $|\eta|<1.5$
	\item Require $M_{ll'}<78$\ \GeVcc\ for $e^+e^-$\ and $\mu^+\mu^-$
	\begin{itemize}
		\item and $M_{ll'}<110$\ \GeVcc\ for $e^+\mu^-$
	\end{itemize}
	\item Make decay angle cuts to reject $\tau^+\tau^-$\ events
	\item Reject events with high energy jets (eg., $E_T>95$)
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
A more sophisticated likelihood analysis defines
\begin{eqnarray}
M_C \equiv \sqrt{p_T^2(ll) + M^2(ll)} + \mMEt \nonumber
\end{eqnarray}
\begin{center}
\parbox{6.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile[0 260 530 530]{shw/highmass/m170_paper.eps}}
\end{center}

\pagebreak
\tit{Heavy Higgs Signal and Background Rates}
%
\small
Estimates of signal and background rates 
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Dominated by $W^+W^-$\ and \ttbar
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}
\tiny

\begin{center}
Observed Cross Section (fb) \\
\vskip.1in
\begin{tabular}{lccc}
Process     &   $M_H=140$    &  $M_H=160$   &  $M_H=180$  \\
\hline 
\tablespace
Signal      &     2.6       &     1.5      &     1.0     \\
Backgrounds &     4.4        &     4.4      &     3.8     \\
$S/\sqrt{B}$&     2.1       &     3.9      &     2.7     \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\vskip.1in


\small
Can estimate total integrated luminosity needed
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item For either $3\sigma$\ observation or 95\%\ CL exclusion
	\item Include 10\%\ systematic uncertainty
\end{itemize}


\begin{center}
\parbox{6.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize
\epsffile[0 260 530 530]{shw/highmass/contour_gg_paper.eps}}
\end{center}


\pagebreak
\tit{Associated Production of $\mttbar H$}
\small
Recently, $\mttbar H$\ has been reexamined at the Tevatron

\tiny
\reference{Goldstein et al, hep-ph/0006311}

\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Analogous to $\mbbbar H$\ channel
	\item The \ttbar\ gives efficient trigger and tag
\\[0.1in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Signal cross  sections are small
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Estimate $\sigma\times{\cal B}$\ of $\mttbar H$\ few fb
\end{itemize}

\begin{picture}(0,0)(0,0)
\special{psfile=ttbarH/crossec.eps
         voffset=-220 hoffset=10 hscale=35 vscale=40 angle=0}
\special{psfile=ttbarH/signal.ps
         voffset=-248 hoffset=650 hscale=75 vscale=75 angle=90}
\end{picture}
\vspace{7.5cm}
% \begin{center}
% \parbox{4.5in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{ttbarH/signal_new.eps}}
% \end{center}

\pagebreak
\tit{$\mttbar H$\ Rates}
\small
Have to deal with very large $\mttbar X$\ background
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item $\mttbar + jj$\ has rate of $\sim 1,000$\ fb
	\item B-tagging is crucial to pull out signal
	\begin{itemize}
		\item Require 2 jets, at least one b-tagged 
	\end{itemize}
	\item For $M_H=120$\ \GeVcc\ and 15~\invfb
	\begin{itemize}
		\item 2-3 signal events and little background
\\[0.1in]
	\end{itemize}
\end{itemize}
\small
Could yield a few ``spectacular'' events
\vskip1pc

\begin{center}
\parbox{4.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile{ttbarH/prl_rev_001011_ji.eps}}
\end{center}

\pagebreak
\tit{Summary for SM Higgs Search}
\small
Results of the Workshop analysis can be combined:
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Use results of NN analysis
	\item Combine statistical power of both experiments
	\item Bands reflect 30\%\ total additional ``shift''
\end{itemize}
  \begin{center}
    \parbox{6.0in}{\epsfxsize=\hsize\epsffile[0 200 500 540]
           {shw/combine/final.ps}}
  \end{center}

\pagebreak
\tit{Summary}
\small
Run II will be the energy frontier for next 5-6 years
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Push luminosity and energy ``envelope''
	\item Initial goal is 2~\invfb, followed by $\sim10$~\invfb
	\item State-of-the art detector
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

Collaboration positioned to push physics agenda
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Plan for early results in spring/summer of 2002
	\item Aggressive team organized for assault on data
\\[0.05in]
\end{itemize}

\small
Will be exposing new features of nature
\tiny
\begin{itemize}
	\item Precision electroweak measurements
	\item Search for new phenomena at high mass scales
	\item New top quark measurements
	\item Contribute to $B$\ physics studies
	\item Press on the Higgs search 
\end{itemize}

\end{document}
